TR-100E Operating Manual

NOVATEK-ELECTRO LLC
intelligent industrial electronics

DIGITAL TEMPERATURE RELAY TR-100E

OPERATING MANUAL (PASSPORT)

This operating manual is intended to familiarize the user with the device, operating principle, operating rules, and setup of the TR-100E temperature relay.

During operation and maintenance, the requirements of the following regulatory documents must be observed:

• “Rules for Technical Operation of Consumer Electrical Installations”;
• “Safety Rules for Operation of Consumer Electrical Installations”, “Occupational Safety in the Operation of Electrical Installations”.

Connection and maintenance of the product must be performed by qualified specialists who have studied this Operating Manual.

If the operating rules are observed, the product is safe to use.

CAUTION

DANGEROUS VOLTAGE HAZARDOUS TO LIFE IS PRESENT AT THE TERMINALS AND INTERNAL ELEMENTS OF THE PRODUCT. TO ENSURE SAFE OPERATION OF THE PRODUCT, IT IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED TO:

• PERFORM INSTALLATION WORK OR MAINTENANCE WITHOUT DISCONNECTING THE PRODUCT FROM THE POWER SUPPLY;
• OPEN OR REPAIR THE PRODUCT INDEPENDENTLY;
• OPERATE THE PRODUCT IF THE ENCLOSURE HAS MECHANICAL DAMAGE.
• ALLOW WATER TO ENTER THE INTERNAL ELEMENTS OF THE PRODUCT.

WARNING

1. THE PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED FOR LOAD SWITCHING DURING SHORT CIRCUITS. THEREFORE, THE PRODUCT MUST BE OPERATED IN AN ELECTRICAL NETWORK PROTECTED BY A CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH A TRIP CURRENT OF NO MORE THAN 10 A.
2. IT IS PROHIBITED TO CONNECT A LOAD WITH A POWER OF MORE THAN 2.5 kW TO THE PRODUCT.

TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Terms and abbreviations

• TR-100E - TR-100E digital temperature relay;
• LCD - liquid crystal display that shows the operating status of the TR-100E;
• Indicator - light element on the front panel showing the status of a channel, relay, or network connection;
• Lit - a state in which the LED indicator is continuously on;
• Flashing - a state in which the LED indicator periodically turns on and off;
• Blinking - a state in which the LED indicator briefly turns on once per second;
• Fan relay - relay intended to control transformer ventilation;
• Alarm relay - relay intended to signal that permissible temperatures have been exceeded;
• Trip relay - relay intended for emergency shutdown in case of critical overheating;
• Fault relay - relay intended to signal a TR-100E or sensor fault;
• Event log - chronological list of relay operations, faults, power-ups, and TR-100E restarts;
• Temperature logger - function for periodic saving of measurement channel temperatures;
• Threshold - preset temperature at which the delay countdown for switching on the corresponding relay begins;
• Setpoint - configurable value of a threshold, hysteresis, or delay;
• Hysteresis - difference between the relay turn-on temperature and turn-off temperature;
• Digital filter - measurement processing that reduces the influence of short-term reading fluctuations;
• Non-volatile memory - memory that retains settings and records after power is removed;
• CH1-CH4 - measurement channels 1-4;
• TRIP, ALARM, FAN, FAULT - designations of the “Trip”, “Alarm”, “Fan”, and “Fault” functions respectively;
• AC, DC - alternating current and direct current respectively;
• SPDT - relay changeover contact;
• CSV - text format for tabular data;
• SCADA - supervisory control and data acquisition system;
• Modbus TCP - data exchange protocol over an Ethernet network;
• Web API - programming interface for access to TR-100E functions over an Ethernet network;
• DHCP - protocol for automatic acquisition of network settings;
• DNS - service for translating domain names into IP addresses;
• NTP - network time synchronization protocol;
• RTC - real-time clock;
• UTC - Coordinated Universal Time;
• DST - daylight saving time changeover;
• VPN - secure network connection;
• WireGuard - protocol used by the TR-100E to create a VPN connection;
• CIDR - notation of an IP address and network mask length separated by a slash;
• Unix time - number of seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 on January 1, 1970 UTC. The value does not contain a time zone; to display local time, the TR-100E separately applies the configured offset relative to UTC and DST rules;
• $W_{100}$ - ratio of sensor resistance at 100 °C to its resistance at 0 °C;
• $R_{25}$, $R_{100}$ - sensor resistance at 25 °C and 100 °C respectively;
• PTC - positive temperature coefficient of resistance;
• NAT - nominal response temperature of a PTC Minika sensor;
• Firmware - software that controls TR-100E operation and can be updated to improve functionality or fix errors;

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• DIGITAL TEMPERATURE RELAY TR-100E
• OPERATING MANUAL (PASSPORT)
  • TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • 1 PURPOSE AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
    • 1.1 Purpose of the Product
    • 1.2 Technical Characteristics
    • 1.3 Operating Conditions
    • 1.4 Appearance and Overall Dimensions
    • 1.5 Temperature Sensors
    • 1.6 Delivery Set
  • 2 INTENDED USE
    • 2.1 Preparation of the TR-100E for Use
      • 2.1.1 Safety Measures
    • 2.2 Use of the TR-100E
      • 2.2.1 Operating Principle
      • 2.2.2 Event Log
      • 2.2.3 Temperature Logger
      • 2.2.4 Control of the TR-100E
      • 2.2.5 Parameter Modification (Settings Menu)
      • 2.2.6 Restoring Factory Settings
      • 2.2.7 Diagnostic Mode and Testing of the TR-100E
        • 2.2.7.1 Checking LED Indication and Viewing Minimum and Maximum Channel Temperatures
        • 2.2.7.2 Testing the Output Relays
      • 2.2.8 Updating the Embedded Software (Firmware)
      • 2.2.9 Setting the Date, Time, and Time Zone
    • 2.3 Programmable and Used TR-100E Parameters
    • 2.4 Use of the Web Interface
      • 2.4.1 Login and Access Levels
      • 2.4.2 “Monitoring” Tab
      • 2.4.3 “Logger” Tab
      • 2.4.4 “Log” Tab
      • 2.4.5 “Settings” Tab
      • 2.4.6 “Service” Tab
    • 2.5 Use of WireGuard VPN
      • 2.5.1 Purpose of the VPN
      • 2.5.2 Manual WireGuard Configuration
      • 2.5.3 Automatic Configuration via Overvis
      • 2.5.4 Access to the Web Interface and Modbus TCP via VPN
    • 2.6 Use of Modbus TCP
    • 2.7 Network Ports
  • 3 MAINTENANCE
    • 3.1 Safety Precautions
    • 3.2 Maintenance Frequency
    • 3.3 Maintenance Procedure
    • 3.4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting
  • 4 SERVICE LIFE AND MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY
    • 4.1 Product Service Life
    • 4.2 Storage Life
    • 4.3 Warranty Period
    • 4.4 Warranty Service
    • 4.5 Post-Warranty Service
  • 5 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

1 PURPOSE AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.1 Purpose of the Product

The TR-100E digital temperature relay (hereinafter referred to as the TR-100E) is intended for measuring and monitoring the temperature of an object using four sensors connected in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

The TR-100E displays the measured temperature values on the display, monitors sensor lines for open circuit and short circuit, generates control signals for “Trip”, “Alarm”, “Fault”, and “Fan”, maintains an event log (up to 2048 records) and temperature logging with a specified interval (up to 16384 records), and also provides a Web interface.

If necessary, the TR-100E can be connected to a higher-level system (SCADA) via the Modbus TCP protocol or Web API.

The TR-100E has a universal power supply: 24-250 V AC/DC.

Can be used to protect:

• three-phase dry-type transformers with additional monitoring of core or ambient temperature;
• motors and generators.

Main features:

• 4 monitoring zones (3 windings, 1 core);
• 4 output relays 8 A, 250 VAC (Trip relay, Alarm relay, Fan relay, and Fault relay);
• Monochrome LCD 128x64 dots;
• LED status indication;
• front-panel control buttons;
• Real-time clock (RTC) with 7-day autonomous power backup;
• Event log with 2048 records;
• Temperature logger with 16384 records;
• Ethernet port 10/100 Mbps;
• NTP time synchronization;
• built-in web server for remote access to data and settings;
• Support for a wide range of temperature sensors: Pt100/Pt1000, Ni100/Ni1000, Cu100, Ptc1000/EKS111, KTY83, KTY84, PTC minika.

1.2 Technical Characteristics

The main technical characteristics are given in Table 1.

Table 1 - main technical characteristics

Parameter	Value
Inputs
Number of measurement channels	4
Sensor connection scheme	two-wire or three-wire
Measured temperature range, °C	from minus 40 to +240 (depends on sensor type)
Measurement period for all channels, s	not more than 0.5
Accuracy class	0.25
Resolution, °C	0.1
Sensor measurement current, mA	1.0
Wire resistance compensation	Automatic in three-wire configuration
	(not more than 20 Ω for each wire)
Wire length, m	two-wire up to 5
	three-wire up to 10
Monitoring of sensor line break/short circuit	Yes
Supported sensor types:	---
Pt100/Pt1000 (W₁₀₀=1.3850 / W₁₀₀=1.3910)	from minus 40 to +240 °C
Ni100/Ni1000 (W₁₀₀=1.6178)	from minus 40 to +180 °C
Cu100 (W₁₀₀=1.4274)	from minus 40 to +200 °C
Ptc1000/EKS111 (W₁₀₀=2.0805)	from minus 40 to +100 °C
KTY83 (R₂₅=1000 Ω), models 110/120/150	from minus 40 to +175 °C
KTY84 (R₁₀₀=1000 Ω), models 130/150	from minus 40 to +200 °C
PTC Minika (NAT=60…180 °C)	from 60 to 180 °C
Outputs
Number of relays, pcs.	4
Contact type	SPDT (changeover contact)
Maximum current at 250 VAC, A	8
Maximum current at 30 VDC, A	3
Maximum voltage, V	440 AC
Maximum switching power, VA	2500
Service life at 8 A 250 VAC, cycles	not less than 100000
Service life at 3 A 30 VDC, cycles	not less than 100000
Utilization category according to IEC 60947-5-1	AC-15
Power supply
Rated supply voltage, V	24-250 AC/DC
Supply voltage range, V (DC)	20-100
Supply voltage range, V (AC)	24-265
Alternating current frequency (AC), Hz	47 - 63
Power consumption, VA	not more than 10
Event log and logging
Event log capacity, records	2048
Logger capacity, records	16384
Logging time, s	5-3600
Communication interfaces
Ethernet	10/100 Mbps, RJ-45, Modbus TCP, Web API
Indication and input/output
LCD	128x64 dots
LED indication	9 indicators
Control buttons	5 buttons
Additional functions
Real-time clock (RTC)	Yes, with 7-day autonomous power backup
NTP time synchronization	Yes
Built-in web server	Yes
Restriction of access to settings	Yes, with password
Output relay test	Yes
Indication test	Yes
Firmware update via Ethernet	Yes
General characteristics
Microcontroller architecture	32-bit ARM
Data retention time, years	not less than 15
Degree of protection	enclosure IP30, terminals IP20
Protection class against electric shock	II
Climatic version	UHL3.1
Weight, kg	not more than 0.5
Overall dimensions (LxWxH), mm	157x86x58
Overvoltage category	II
Rated insulation voltage, V	450
Rated impulse withstand voltage, kV	2.5
Cross-section of connected wires, mm²	from 0.5 to 2
Terminal tightening torque, N·m	0.4
Terminal type	screw, with spring clamp
Mounting on DIN rail	35 mm
Mounting position	any

1.3 Operating Conditions

The TR-100E is intended for operation under the following conditions:

• Ambient temperature: from minus 20 to +50 °C;
• Storage temperature: from minus 30 to +60 °C;
• Relative air humidity (at +25 °C): 30 … 80%;
• Permissible pollution degree: II;
• Atmospheric pressure: from 84 to 106.7 kPa.

WARNING

The TR-100E is not intended for operation under the following conditions:

• Significant vibration or mechanical shocks;
• High humidity with moisture condensation;
• Aggressive environment with acids, alkalis, salts, or other corrosive substances in the air, as well as severe contamination (grease, oil, dust, etc.);

1.4 Appearance and Overall Dimensions

Figure 1 shows the appearance and overall dimensions of the TR-100E.

1. LED indicators of the channels: “Channel 1”, “Channel 2”, “Channel 3”, “Channel 4” (CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4);
2. “Fault” LED indicator (FAULT);
3. “Alarm” LED indicator (ALARM);
4. “Trip” LED indicator (TRIP);
5. “Fan” LED indicator (FAN);
6. “Ethernet link” LED indicator (LINK);
7. Terminals for connecting the 24-250 V AC/DC power supply;
8. LCD 128x64 dots;
9. Output relay terminals: “Trip”, “Alarm”, “Fan”, “Fault” (TRIP, ALARM, FAN, FAULT);
10. “Up” button (UP);
11. “Down” button (DOWN);
12. Connector for Ethernet RJ-45;
13. “Enter” button (SET);
14. “Menu” button (MENU);
15. “Test” button (TEST);
16. Terminals for connecting temperature sensors.

Figure 1 - appearance and overall dimensions

1.5 Temperature Sensors

The TR-100E supports the following types of temperature sensors: Pt100/Pt1000, Ni100/Ni1000, Cu100, Ptc1000/EKS111, KTY83, KTY84, and PTC minika.

Pt100 / Pt1000 - platinum resistance temperature detectors with nominal resistance of 100 Ω and 1000 Ω at 0 °C respectively. The characteristic is described by the coefficient W₁₀₀=1.3850 (according to IEC 60751) or W₁₀₀=1.3910. Measurement range: from minus 40 to +240 °C. They are connected to channels 1-4 in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

Ni100 / Ni1000 - nickel resistance temperature detectors with nominal resistance of 100 Ω and 1000 Ω at 0 °C (W₁₀₀=1.6178). Measurement range: from minus 40 to +180 °C. They are connected to channels 1-4 in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

Cu100 - copper resistance temperature detectors with nominal resistance of 100 Ω at 0 °C (W₁₀₀=1.4274). Measurement range: from minus 40 to +200 °C. They are connected to channels 1-4 in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

Ptc1000 / EKS111 - platinum resistance temperature detector with nominal resistance of 1000 Ω at 0 °C and an increased temperature coefficient (W₁₀₀=2.0805). Measurement range: from minus 40 to +100 °C. They are connected to channels 1-4 in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

KTY83 - silicon resistance temperature detector with nominal resistance R₂₅=1000 Ω at 25 °C, models 110/120/150. Measurement range: from minus 40 to +175 °C. They are connected to channels 1-4 in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

KTY84 - silicon resistance temperature detector with nominal resistance R₁₀₀=1000 Ω at 100 °C, models 130/150. Measurement range: from minus 40 to +200 °C. They are connected to channels 1-4 in a two-wire or three-wire configuration.

PTC minika - semiconductor posistors that sharply increase their electrical resistance when the nominal response temperature (NAT) is reached. Sensors are produced with various NAT values in the range from 60 to 180 °C in increments of 10 °C.

Features of using PTC minika sensors

• PTC minika sensors are not measuring sensors: the TR-100E does not display a numeric temperature value while the sensor temperature is below the NAT; the display shows the symbol ”< NAT”. When the NAT is reached or exceeded, the display shows the sensor NAT value.
• PTC minika sensors can be connected in series to one channel (up to 6 sensors), forming a protection chain. Tripping occurs when the NAT of any sensor in the chain is reached.
• Connection is possible to channels 1-4 in a two-wire configuration.
• In the Sensor type parameter (Table 3), the PTC Minika type must be selected for the corresponding channel, and in the PTC Minika NAT parameter the sensor NAT must be set, or the lowest NAT in the case of series connection of sensors with different NATs. Relay thresholds and channel participation in relay control are configured by the corresponding parameters in Table 3.
• The TR-100E detects only a short circuit of the measurement line. If the sensor or the sensor chain is open-circuit, the “Fault” relay (FAULT) does not operate; instead, the corresponding temperature alarm operates (the “Trip” (TRIP), “Alarm” (ALARM), or “Fan” (FAN) relay).
• The cold resistance of one sensor is 20-250 Ω; when several sensors are connected in series, the total cold resistance must not exceed 1500 Ω.

1.6 Delivery Set

The delivery set includes:

• TR-100E digital temperature relay - 1 pc.;
• operating manual (passport), paper copy - 1 copy;
• Ethernet patch cord - 1 pc.;
• registration stickers with QR/PIN code for registration on the Overvis server - 2 pcs.;
• individual cardboard box - 1 pc.

2 INTENDED USE

2.1 Preparation of the TR-100E for Use

2.1.1 Safety Measures

Safety measures

• All connections must be made with the TR-100E de-energized.
• When performing transformer insulation breakdown tests, all temperature sensors must be disconnected from the TR-100E.

2.1.2 Connect the TR-100E according to the wiring diagram in Figure 2.

WARNING

All cables carrying measurement signals from temperature sensors must comply with the following requirements:

• they must be made of shielded twisted-pair (or triple) cable with a cross-section of at least 0.5 mm²;
• sensor cable shields must be connected to ground;
• they must be securely connected to the device terminals;
• the cable routing must be separated from high-voltage cables and from cables supplying inductive loads;
• all cables must be of the same length.

Note

The TR-100E enclosure has insulation class II and does not require grounding.

Figure 2 - TR-100E wiring diagram

2.1.3 Power on the TR-100E and, if necessary, set the operating modes according to Table 3.

2.2 Use of the TR-100E

2.2.1 Operating Principle

The TR-100E continuously measures temperature in 4 zones using the connected sensors (channels 1-4). Channels 1-3 are intended to monitor transformer winding temperature, and channel 4 is intended to monitor transformer core or ambient temperature.

Event logging and temperature logging are performed in the background without affecting the main operation of the TR-100E. The saved data is available for viewing on the display and can be exported to a file through the Web interface.

After power-up, the integrity check and firmware startup are performed, after which the TR-100E switches to the main screen, the primary information display mode during normal operation (Figure 3).

Figure 3 - TR-100E main screen

The main screen displays:

• the current time and date or the TR-100E IP address on the Ethernet network (alternating);
• temperature logger status indicator (on / off);
• relay status: T (TRIP), A (ALARM), F (FAN) (on / off, display priority T > A > F);
• fault indicator (FAULT);
• indicator of new events in the event log;
• current temperature values of channels CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4;
• trend of channel temperature change (rising / falling / unchanged);

If a channel sensor is faulty (open circuit or short circuit), an error symbol is displayed instead of the temperature value: “OPEN” (open circuit) or “SHORT” (short circuit).

If the channel is configured for a PTC minika sensor and the temperature has not yet reached the NAT, the symbol ”< NAT” is displayed.

If a channel is disabled (parameter Channel N → Enable = 0, where N is the channel number; Table 3), its field on the screen remains blank.

In addition to the main screen, a temperature graph screen is available for each enabled channel. The graph shows the channel temperature change over the last 10 minutes with a 5 s refresh period. The screen displays the channel number, temperature scale, and the latest measured value. The graph scale is selected automatically. This operating history is formed after the TR-100E is powered on and does not replace the temperature logger data.

To view the graphs, briefly press the «Up» (UP) button to go to the next screen or the «Down» (DOWN) button to go to the previous screen. The screens switch cyclically; graphs of disabled channels are skipped.

FAN RELAY

When the temperature of one of the sensors involved in fan control (parameter Fan → Mode, see Table 3) exceeds the configured fan turn-on threshold Fan → Setpoint (see Table 3), the Fan → Delay time countdown starts. At this time, the «Ventilation» (FAN) indicator begins flashing periodically.

After the Fan → Delay delay time expires (see Table 3), the «Ventilation» (FAN) relay turns on, and the «Ventilation» (FAN) indicator turns on continuously.

The «Ventilation» (FAN) relay turns off when the temperature of all sensors involved in fan control drops below (Fan → Setpoint) - (Fan → Hysteresis) (see Table 3). At this time, the «Ventilation» (FAN) indicator turns off.

ALARM RELAY

When the temperature of one of the sensors exceeds the configured alarm turn-on threshold Alarm → Setpoint (see Table 3), the Alarm → Delay time countdown starts. At this time, the «Alarm» (ALARM) indicator begins flashing periodically.

After the Alarm → Delay delay time expires (see Table 3), the «Alarm» (ALARM) relay turns on, and the «Alarm» (ALARM) indicator turns on continuously.

The «Alarm» (ALARM) relay turns off when the temperature of all sensors drops below (Alarm → Setpoint) - (Alarm → Hysteresis) (see Table 3). At this time, the «Alarm» (ALARM) indicator turns off.

TRIP RELAY

When the temperature of one of the sensors exceeds the configured trip turn-on threshold Trip → Setpoint (see Table 3), the Trip → Delay time countdown starts. At this time, the «Overheat» (TRIP) indicator begins flashing periodically.

After the Trip → Delay delay time expires (see Table 3), the «Overheat» (TRIP) relay turns on, and the «Overheat» (TRIP) indicator turns on continuously.

The «Overheat» (TRIP) relay turns off when the temperature of all sensors drops below (Trip → Setpoint) - (Trip → Hysteresis) (see Table 3). At this time, the «Overheat» (TRIP) indicator turns off.

FAULT RELAY

In the event of internal TR-100E errors or detection of a sensor fault (open circuit or short circuit), the Fault → Delay time countdown starts (see Table 3). After the delay expires, the «Fault» (FAULT) relay operates and the «Fault» (FAULT) indicator starts blinking. The display shows the status of the faulty channel or an error code.

The «Fault» (FAULT) relay turns off after the fault is cleared. At this time, the «Fault» (FAULT) indicator turns off.

The states of all LED indicators are given in Table 2.

Table 2 - LED indicator states

Indicator	State	Meaning
CH1 - CH4	Off	Channel is normal
	Blinking	Channel sensor fault (open circuit or short circuit)
FAULT	Off	Normal
	Blinking	Sensor fault or internal TR-100E error detected
ALARM	Off	The temperature of all channels is below the turn-off threshold set by parameters Alarm → Setpoint CH1-CH4 and Alarm → Hysteresis CH1-CH4
	Flashing	The temperature of one of the channels has exceeded the corresponding Alarm → Setpoint CH1-CH4 parameter; Alarm → Delay countdown is in progress
	Lit	«Alarm» relay is on
TRIP	Off	The temperature of all channels is below the turn-off threshold set by parameters Trip → Setpoint CH1-CH4 and Trip → Hysteresis CH1-CH4
	Flashing	The temperature of one of the channels has exceeded the corresponding Trip → Setpoint CH1-CH4 parameter; Trip → Delay countdown is in progress
	Lit	«Overheat» relay is on
FAN	Off	«Ventilation» relay is off
	Flashing	The temperature of one of the selected channels has exceeded the corresponding Fan → Setpoint CH1-CH4 parameter; Fan → Delay countdown is in progress
	Lit	«Ventilation» relay is on
LINK	Off	No physical Ethernet network connection
	Lit	Ethernet network connection established
	Blinking	Ethernet data transmission

2.2.2 Event Log

During operation, the TR-100E automatically maintains an event log in the background; no action by the user is required for this.

The log records significant events and diagnostic messages related to TR-100E operation. The main types of records are listed below; this list is not exhaustive:

• operation and release of TRIP, ALARM, FAN, and FAULT relays; when TRIP, ALARM, and FAN operate, the channel number and temperature are recorded;
• open circuit or short circuit of the measurement line, as well as restoration of its normal state;
• TR-100E startup, scheduled restart, and detection by the watchdog timer of a previous restart;
• password verification results when accessing settings: successful login, incorrect password entry, and access lockout;
• saving settings and errors during their loading or saving;
• temperature logger data initialization and write errors;
• successful NTP time synchronization and errors of Web, Modbus TCP, NTP, and WireGuard VPN network services;
• measurement errors, as well as information about critical firmware failures.

Each record contains the date and time of the event, its description, and additional information that makes it possible to determine the cause of protection operation or a fault.

The log is designed for 2048 records. When the limit is reached, new events continue to be recorded, overwriting the oldest ones. Data is stored in non-volatile memory and is not lost when the power is removed.

Operating the log from the front panel: while on the main screen, press and hold the «Menu» (MENU) button for at least 5 s. If necessary, enter the password according to Sec. 2.2.5. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, select Event log and press the «Enter» (SET) button. Then perform the required action:

• viewing the log: select View list and press the «Enter» (SET) button. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, select a record; to view detailed information, press the «Enter» (SET) button. To return, press the «Menu» (MENU) button;
• clearing the log: select Clear and press the «Enter» (SET) button. In the confirmation window, use the «Up» (UP) button to select Yes and press the «Enter» (SET) button.

Viewing and export through the Web interface: open the TR-100E Web interface and go to the Log tab. To save the log to the events.log file, click the Export LOG button.

2.2.3 Temperature Logger

The logger periodically stores the temperature values of all four channels, which makes it possible to analyze the thermal operating mode of the monitored object for the period whose data is stored in the logger memory.

By default, the logger is enabled with a logging interval of 600 seconds. The interval can be changed in the range from 5 to 3600 seconds using the Temperature logger → Recording period parameter, and the logger can be disabled using the Temperature logger → Enable parameter (Table 3).

Each record contains the measurement date and time, the temperatures of all four channels, as well as the current channel status flags for each channel (TRIP, ALARM, FAN operation, sensor fault).

The logger is designed for 16384 records. When the limit is reached, new data continues to be recorded, overwriting the oldest records. The shorter the logging interval, the faster the buffer fills and the smaller the depth of stored history. Data is stored in non-volatile memory and is not lost when the power is removed.

Example of retention depth

With a logging interval of 60 s, the 16384-record buffer stores data for approximately 11 days. With an interval of 300 s, it stores about 57 days. With an interval of 600 s, it stores about 114 days.

Operating the logger from the front panel: while on the main screen, press and hold the «Menu» (MENU) button for at least 5 s. If necessary, enter the password according to Sec. 2.2.5. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, select Temperature logger and press the «Enter» (SET) button. Then perform the required action:

• viewing records: select View list and press the «Enter» (SET) button. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, select a record; to view detailed information, press the «Enter» (SET) button. To return, press the «Menu» (MENU) button;
• clearing records: select Clear and press the «Enter» (SET) button. In the confirmation window, use the «Up» (UP) button to select Yes and press the «Enter» (SET) button.

Viewing and export through the Web interface: open the TR-100E Web interface and go to the Temperature logger tab. To save the records to the recorder.csv file, click the Export CSV button.

2.2.4 Control of the TR-100E

The TR-100E is controlled by buttons located on the front panel (Fig. 1, items 10, 11, 13-15):

• «Test» (TEST) button - to enter the LED indication test mode and view the minimum and maximum channel temperatures;
• «Menu» (MENU) button - to enter and exit the parameter viewing and modification mode;
• «Enter» (SET) button - to enter a parameter, confirm a parameter change, and return to the menu;
• «Up» (UP) and «Down» (DOWN) buttons - to scroll through parameters and change a parameter value.

2.2.5 Parameter Modification (Settings Menu)

To enter parameter modification mode while on the main screen, press and hold the «Menu» (MENU) button for at least 5 s. If access is password-protected, enter the password according to the instructions below. If entered correctly, the message Password accepted is displayed, after which the parameter menu opens. If entered incorrectly, the number of remaining attempts is displayed. After five unsuccessful attempts, access is locked for 5 minutes.

The factory password is indicated on the sticker with the QR code. In the Access menu, passwords can be changed and their verification can be enabled or disabled independently. Disabling verification does not delete the stored password.

The local access password must contain 4…23 characters, and the Web and Modbus passwords 8…23 characters. Current passwords are not displayed: when Change password is selected, input starts from an empty field; canceling keeps the previous value.

Password entry

The password is entered using the on-screen keyboard. Layouts of lowercase and uppercase Latin letters, digits, and the symbols ., -, _, :, /, @ are available:

• A short press of UP/DOWN moves the selection across keys; holding UP/DOWN moves between rows;
• The SET button activates the selected key: it enters a character, deletes the previous character, switches the layout (abc, ABC, 123, #+=), or confirms entry with the OK key;
• Password entry cancellation - the «Menu» (MENU) button;

When entering a password for login, the OK key is available. When changing the password in the settings menu, the OK key is not displayed: the first press of MENU closes the on-screen keyboard, and the second exits the editor and prompts to apply changes. Declining to apply changes keeps the previous password.

If none of the buttons is pressed for 60 s, the TR-100E returns to the main screen.

Menu navigation

• Scrolling through parameters - the «Up» and «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons;
• Entering a parameter - the «Enter» (SET) button;
• Changing a parameter - with the «Up» and «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons;
• Writing a parameter and returning to the menu - the «Enter» (SET) button;
• Returning to the menu without writing - the «Menu» (MENU) button.

For string parameters, for example NTP server addresses, the SET button opens the on-screen keyboard. The keyboard is operated in the same way as for password entry; the set of available characters depends on the parameter. The MENU button closes the keyboard. Outside the keyboard, UP/DOWN moves the cursor along the line, and pressing MENU again completes editing and prompts to apply the changes.

Automatic exit from the menu occurs if none of the buttons is pressed for 60 s.

2.2.6 Restoring Factory Settings

There are two ways to restore factory settings:

Method 1 - resetting settings through the menu

1. Enter the parameter menu according to Sec. 2.2.5 and select System → Reset settings.
2. In the confirmation window, use the «Up» (UP) button to select Yes and press the «Enter» (SET) button. Factory values will be loaded into the working copy of settings, but will not yet be written to flash memory.
3. Select System → Save settings.
4. In the confirmation window, use the «Up» (UP) button to select Yes and press the «Enter» (SET) button.
5. Make sure that a message confirming successful saving of settings appears on the display. If an error message appears, repeat the save operation; do not restart the TR-100E or remove power until the settings are written successfully.
6. Restart the device.

Method 2 - restoration through diagnostic mode

1. Enable diagnostic mode according to Sec. 2.2.7.
2. After the main screen appears, enter the parameter menu: press and hold the «Menu» (MENU) button for at least 5 s. No password entry is required.
3. Select System → Save settings.
4. In the confirmation window, use the «Up» (UP) button to select Yes and press the «Enter» (SET) button.
5. Make sure that a message confirming successful saving of settings appears on the display. If an error message appears, repeat the save operation; do not restart the TR-100E or remove power until the settings are written successfully.
6. Restart the device.

After saving, user passwords are replaced with the factory passwords specified on the sticker with the QR code.

2.2.7 Diagnostic Mode and Testing of the TR-100E

Diagnostic mode is intended for service work by qualified specialists and is not used during normal operation of the TR-100E.

When diagnostic mode is enabled, factory values are loaded into a temporary working copy of settings, but are not saved to flash memory automatically. Until the next restart, the local menu and Web interface are available without entering a password, and the Web interface is granted the powerUser access level.

To enable diagnostic mode:

1. Remove power from the TR-100E.
2. Press and hold the «Up» and «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons simultaneously.
3. Apply power and continue holding the buttons until the DIAGNOSTIC MODE heading and the User run device in diagnostic mode message appear, then release them.

When the mode is enabled, the User run device in diagnostic mode message is recorded in the event log. While the mode is active, a warning about the enabled diagnostic mode is periodically displayed.

To start the TR-100E in normal mode, restart the device without holding the «Up» and «Down» buttons, or remove and reapply power. If the settings were not saved, on such a startup the device will load the previously saved settings and restore normal password verification.

IMPORTANT

Saving settings in diagnostic mode will write the loaded factory values to flash memory and replace user passwords with the factory passwords. Do not perform saving if only device diagnostics are required.

2.2.7.1 Checking LED Indication and Viewing Minimum and Maximum Channel Temperatures

To check LED indication, while on the main screen press the «Test» (TEST) button. The TR-100E will switch to a separate test screen, turn on all LED indicators, and display the minimum and maximum recorded temperatures for each channel.

Important

If at least one of the indicators does not function, the TR-100E is considered faulty and requires repair. During indication testing, the TR-100E continues normal operation.

To exit test mode, press the «Menu» (MENU) button. If no buttons are pressed for 60 s, the test screen closes automatically.

Maximum temperature

The minimum and maximum channel temperatures are recorded from the moment the TR-100E was last powered on or from the moment of the last reset of the maximum temperature.

2.2.7.2 Testing the Output Relays

Warning

Relay testing is a potentially hazardous operation. Before performing it, the load must be disconnected or it must be ensured that relay switching will not lead to a hazardous situation or equipment damage.

Test procedure:

1. Enter the parameter menu according to Sec. 2.2.5 and select System → Relay test.
2. In the warning window, use the «Up» (UP) button to select Yes and press the «Enter» (SET) button. A screen will open with a list of relays TRIP, ALARM, FAN, and FAULT and their current test status: On or Off.
3. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, select the required relay.
4. Press the «Enter» (SET) button. The selected relay will switch, and its status on the screen will change. Pressing the «Enter» (SET) button again will return the relay to its previous state.
5. Repeat the check for the remaining relays.

To complete testing, press the «Menu» (MENU) button. Test states of all relays will be disabled, after which the TR-100E will return to the parameter menu.

2.2.8 Updating the Embedded Software (Firmware)

The TR-100E supports two methods of updating the embedded software without using a programmer:

• standard update through the TR-100E Web interface;
• emergency update through the bootloader recovery mode (Recovery mode) if the standard Web interface is unavailable.

For the update, a TR-100E firmware file in .ota format is used.

Method 1 - standard update through the Web interface

1. Make sure that the TR-100E is connected to the Ethernet network and is accessible through a browser.
2. Log in to the Web interface with the powerUser access level and open the Service tab.
3. In the Firmware update block, click the Upload file button and select the firmware file in .ota format.
4. Wait for the file upload and verification to complete. After successful verification, firmware image information will be displayed and the Apply and Delete buttons will become available. The Delete button deletes the uploaded image without installing it.
5. Click the Apply button and confirm the update. The TR-100E will restart, the bootloader will install the firmware, and the device will then start automatically.

Method 2 - emergency update through the bootloader

1. Connect the TR-100E and the computer to the Ethernet network.
2. Remove power from the TR-100E, press and hold the «Menu» (MENU) button, then apply power. After the bootloader menu appears, release the button.
3. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, select Recovery mode and press the «Enter» (SET) button.
4. Wait until the Recovery mode screen appears on the display. In this mode, the TR-100E uses the static IP address 192.168.1.48 and the network mask 255.255.255.0.
5. Set a static IP address on the computer from the same subnet, for example 192.168.1.2 with mask 255.255.255.0, and open http://192.168.1.48 in a browser.
6. On the TR-100E Recovery page, select the firmware file in .ota format and click the Send button.
7. Wait for the upload and file verification to complete. After successful verification, the imageValid value will become true and the Firmware button will become available.
8. Click the Firmware button. The TR-100E will restart, install the firmware, and start automatically.

For the detailed procedure, restoration of a previously uploaded image, and decoding of bootloader messages, see «Appendix A. Emergency Firmware Recovery».

Warning

• Use only a firmware file in .ota format intended for the TR-100E.
• Do not remove power from the TR-100E after firmware installation has started. Interrupting the installation may result in embedded software damage.
• During firmware restart and installation, the TR-100E does not perform temperature monitoring and does not control the relays. Before starting installation, make sure this will not lead to a hazardous situation or equipment damage.

Firmware version

The current firmware version is displayed on the TR-100E display at power-up and in the Device information block on the Service tab of the Web interface.

2.2.9 Setting the Date, Time, and Time Zone

The TR-100E uses a real-time clock (RTC) to timestamp the event log and logger. The date and time can be set manually from the front panel or through the Web interface. Automatic NTP time synchronization is also available.

Setting the date and time from the front panel:

1. Enter the parameter menu according to Sec. 2.2.5 and select Date and time → Date.
2. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, set the day. Using the «Enter» (SET) button, move successively to the month and year and set their values.
3. After setting the year, press the «Enter» (SET) button to write the date to the real-time clock.
4. Select Date and time → Time.
5. Using the «Up» / «Down» (UP/DOWN) buttons, set the hour. Using the «Enter» (SET) button, move successively to minutes and seconds and set their values.
6. After setting the seconds, press the «Enter» (SET) button to write the time to the real-time clock.

To cancel entry without writing, press the «Menu» (MENU) button.

Setting the date and time through the Web interface:

1. Log in to the Web interface with the powerUser access level and open Settings → Date and time.
2. In the Set time block, specify the local date and time.
3. Click the Set manually button. The specified value will be written to the real-time clock immediately; pressing the Save button is not required for this.

Time zone:

In the Settings → Date and time section, in the Time zone field, select the required offset relative to UTC, for example UTC+02:00 or UTC+03:00. The selected time zone is applied when displaying local time. To save the setting, click the Save button.

Daylight saving time (DST):

The following values are available in the DST mode field:

• Off - seasonal time changeover is disabled;
• Europe - a one-hour shift is applied on the last Sunday of March, and return to standard time occurs on the last Sunday of October;
• USA - a one-hour shift is applied on the second Sunday of March, and return to standard time occurs on the first Sunday of November;
• Manual - the user specifies DST shift, as well as the local date and time of its start and end.

After changing the DST mode and the parameters related to it, click the Save button.

Note

Synchronization is configured separately in the Settings → NTP section. If NTP is enabled, the manually set time will be replaced during the next successful synchronization.

RTC backup duration

The RTC keeps time in the absence of main power for no more than 7 days. After this period, the clock reading may reset. After a prolonged power outage, the time must be checked and corrected manually if necessary, or successful NTP synchronization must be confirmed.

2.3 Programmable and used TR-100E parameters

The complete list of stored parameters is given in Table 3. In the Holding Register Address column, the — sign means that the parameter is not transmitted via Modbus TCP and is configured through the menu, Web interface, or Web API.

Table 3 - Programmable and used parameters

Holding Register Address	Parameter	Range / values	Factory setting	Modbus Access	Type
—	General	—	—	—	—
100	Language	0 English; 1 Polish; 2 Ukrainian; 3 Russian	0 (English)	W+R	uint16
—	Date and time	—	—	—	—
101	Time zone offset, min	-720…840	0	W+R	int16
102	DST mode	0 off; 1 EU; 2 USA; 3 manual	0 (off)	W+R	uint8
103	DST shift, min	0…180	60	W+R	int16
104–105	DST start, local time	Unix time	1774749600	W+R	uint32
106–107	DST end, local time	Unix time	1792897200	W+R	uint32
—	Display	—	—	—	—
108	Display contrast	0…64	24	W+R	uint16
109	Active backlight, %	0…100	50	W+R	uint16
110	Standby backlight, %	0…100	15	W+R	uint16
111	Standby backlight timeout, s	30…3600	300	W+R	uint16
112	Standby backlight enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
—	Access	—	—	—	—
—	Device password	—	—	—	—
—	Protection	0 off; 1 on	1	—	uint8
—	Change password	4…23 characters	Password from the label	—	string
—	Web user password	—	—	—	—
—	Protection	0 off; 1 on	1	—	uint8
—	Change password	8…23 characters	Password from the label	—	string
—	Web admin password	—	—	—	—
—	Protection	0 off; 1 on	1	—	uint8
—	Change password	8…23 characters	Password from the label	—	string
—	Modbus password	—	—	—	—
—	Protection	0 off; 1 on	1	—	uint8
—	Change password	8…23 characters	Password from the label	—	string
—	Temperature logger	—	—	—	—
113	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
114	Recording period, s	5…3600	600	W+R	uint16
—	TCP/IP	—	—	—	—
—	Ethernet enable	0…1	1	—	uint8
115	DHCP	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
116–117	DNS 1	IPv4	8.8.8.8	W+R	uint32
118–119	DNS 2	IPv4	4.4.4.4	W+R	uint32
120–121	Static IP address	IPv4	192.168.0.100	W+R	uint32
122–123	Network mask	IPv4	255.255.255.0	W+R	uint32
124–125	Gateway	IPv4	192.168.0.1	W+R	uint32
—	Time synchronization (NTP)	—	—	—	—
126	Enable	0…1	0	W+R	uint8
127–128	Synchronization period, s	300…86400	3600	W+R	uint32
129–144	Server 1	DNS name or IPv4, up to 31 characters	pool.ntp.org	W+R	str16
145–160	Server 2	DNS name or IPv4, up to 31 characters	time.google.com	W+R	str16
—	WireGuard VPN	—	—	—	—
—	Enable	0…1	0	—	uint8
—	Auto-configuration via Overvis	0…1	1	—	uint8
—	Auto-configuration URL	URL	Empty	—	string
—	Private key	32 bytes	Not set	—	bytes
—	IP address	IPv4 with prefix length	Not set	—	IPv4/CIDR
—	Peer public key	32 bytes	Not set	—	bytes
—	Peer name	DNS name or IPv4	Empty	—	string
—	Peer port	1…65535	51820	—	uint16
—	Allowed networks 1–2	IPv4 with prefix length	Not set	—	IPv4/CIDR × 2
—	Keepalive interval, s	1…300	25	—	uint16
—	Web access	—	—	—	—
161	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
162	Port	1…65535	80	W+R	uint16
163	Access via VPN	0…1	1	R	uint8
164	VPN access level	0 guest; 1 standard; 2 advanced	0	R	uint8
—	Modbus TCP	—	—	—	—
165	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
166	UID	0…247; 0 - any UID	48	W+R	uint8
167	Port	1…65535	502	W+R	uint16
168	Timeout, s	0 disabled; 1…3600	0	W+R	uint16
169	Protection mode	0 none; 1 write; 2 read and write	1	W+R	uint8
170	Access via VPN	0 disabled; 1 standard protection; 2 read only; 3 read and write	0	R	uint8
—	Channel 1	—	—	—	—
171	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
172	Sensor type	0…14, see note to Table 3	0	W+R	uint16
173	Correction, °C	-10…+10	0	W+R	int16 ×10
174	PTC Minika NAT, °C	60…180	160	W+R	int16 ×10
175	Linked setpoints	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
—	Channel 2	—	—	—	—
176	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
177	Sensor type	0…14, see note to Table 3	0	W+R	uint16
178	Correction, °C	-10…+10	0	W+R	int16 ×10
179	PTC Minika NAT, °C	60…180	150	W+R	int16 ×10
180	Linked setpoints	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
—	Channel 3	—	—	—	—
181	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
182	Sensor type	0…14, see note to Table 3	0	W+R	uint16
183	Correction, °C	-10…+10	0	W+R	int16 ×10
184	PTC Minika NAT, °C	60…180	60	W+R	int16 ×10
185	Linked setpoints	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
—	Channel 4	—	—	—	—
186	Enable	0…1	1	W+R	uint8
187	Sensor type	0…14, see note to Table 3	0	W+R	uint16
188	Correction, °C	-10…+10	0	W+R	int16 ×10
189	PTC Minika NAT, °C	60…180	130	W+R	int16 ×10
190	Linked setpoints	0…1	0	W+R	uint8
—	Digital filter	—	—	—	—
191	Overall filter level	1…10	4	W+R	uint8
—	Trip (TRIP)	—	—	—	—
192	CH1 setpoint, °C	-40…240	155	W+R	int16 ×10
193	CH1 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
194	CH2 setpoint, °C	-40…240	155	W+R	int16 ×10
195	CH2 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
196	CH3 setpoint, °C	-40…240	155	W+R	int16 ×10
197	CH3 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
198	CH4 setpoint, °C	-40…240	155	W+R	int16 ×10
199	CH4 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
200	Delay, s	0…60	5	W+R	uint16
—	Alarm (ALARM)	—	—	—	—
201	CH1 setpoint, °C	-40…240	145	W+R	int16 ×10
202	CH1 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
203	CH2 setpoint, °C	-40…240	145	W+R	int16 ×10
204	CH2 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
205	CH3 setpoint, °C	-40…240	145	W+R	int16 ×10
206	CH3 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
207	CH4 setpoint, °C	-40…240	145	W+R	int16 ×10
208	CH4 hysteresis, °C	0…100	10	W+R	int16 ×10
209	Delay, s	0…60	5	W+R	uint16
—	Fan (FAN)	—	—	—	—
210	CH1 setpoint, °C	-40…240	130	W+R	int16 ×10
211	CH1 hysteresis, °C	0…100	20	W+R	int16 ×10
212	CH2 setpoint, °C	-40…240	130	W+R	int16 ×10
213	CH2 hysteresis, °C	0…100	20	W+R	int16 ×10
214	CH3 setpoint, °C	-40…240	130	W+R	int16 ×10
215	CH3 hysteresis, °C	0…100	20	W+R	int16 ×10
216	CH4 setpoint, °C	-40…240	130	W+R	int16 ×10
217	CH4 hysteresis, °C	0…100	20	W+R	int16 ×10
218	Mode	0 off; 1 CH1-3; 2 CH1-4; 3 CH4	0	W+R	uint16
219	Delay, s	0…60	5	W+R	uint16
—	Fault (FAULT)	—	—	—	—
220	Delay, s	0…60	5	W+R	uint16

Note to Table 3

Symbols in the Modbus Access column: R - read; W - write; W+R - write and read.

Sensor type parameter values: 0 - Pt100 ($W_{100}=1{,}3850$); 1 - Pt100 ($W_{100}=1{,}3910$); 2 - Pt1000 ($W_{100}=1{,}3850$); 3 - Pt1000 ($W_{100}=1{,}3910$); 4 - Ni100 ($W_{100}=1{,}6178$); 5 - Ni1000 ($W_{100}=1{,}6178$); 6 - Cu100 ($W_{100}=1{,}4274$); 7 - Ptc1000/EKS111 ($W_{100}=2{,}0805$); 8 - KTY83-110; 9 - KTY83-120; 10 - KTY83-150; 11 - KTY84-130; 12 - KTY84-150; 13 - PTC Minika K; 14 - PTC Minika KD.

The Linked setpoints parameter determines whether the channel participates in the common configuration group: 1 means the channel is linked, 0 means it is configured independently. When the setpoint or hysteresis of TRIP, ALARM, or FAN is changed for any linked channel, the new value is automatically applied to all linked channels. Delay settings and other channel parameters are not linked. Changing the Linked setpoints parameter itself does not equalize previously assigned values; linking takes effect on the next setpoint or hysteresis change. In the factory settings, channels CH1-CH3 are linked, and channel CH4 is configured independently.

The local access password and the default Web/Modbus passwords match the factory password indicated on the label with the QR code. Separate passwords 4…23 characters long can be set for local access and 8…23 characters long for Web/Modbus. Verification of each password is enabled by a separate protection parameter. When protection is disabled, the password is retained and used again after protection is re-enabled.

2.4 Use of the Web Interface

To access the TR-100E Web interface, a PC with an installed Web browser is required. In the address bar of the Web browser, enter the current IP address of the TR-100E displayed on its screen and press Enter.

2.4.1 Login and Access Levels

After opening the Web interface, the password entry form is displayed.

The TR-100E uses two independent Web access passwords:

• regular user password - user level;
• advanced user password - powerUser level.

The entered password determines the granted access level. A user at the user level has access to the Monitoring, Logger, and Log tabs. A user at the powerUser level additionally has access to the Settings and Service tabs, as well as the operations for clearing the log and the logger.

Password verification for Web user and powerUser is enabled independently in Settings -> Security. If powerUser verification is disabled, the Web interface grants this level without password entry. Otherwise, if user verification is disabled, the user level is granted without a password.

2.4.2 “Monitoring” Tab

The tab displays the current status of the TR-100E:

• temperature and line status of each measurement channel;
• thresholds of the protection functions and the status of the TRIP, ALARM, FAN, and FAULT relays;
• temperature history chart for the last 10 minutes;
• current time, operating time, IP address, and Ethernet status;
• recent events and the number of unread events.

Unread events can be marked as viewed with the Acknowledge button.

2.4.3 “Logger” Tab

The tab displays the number of saved records, the logging interval, the records table, and channel temperature charts. The following are available:

• manual and automatic refresh;
• selection of record order and the number of records per page;
• page navigation;
• export of all records to the recorder.csv file.

Clearing the logger is available only to a user at the powerUser level.

2.4.4 “Log” Tab

The tab displays events with date, time, severity level, and description. The following are available:

• manual and automatic refresh;
• filtering by severity level;
• selection of event order and the number of events per page;
• page navigation;
• acknowledgment of unread events;
• export of the log to a text file.

Clearing the log is available only to a user at the powerUser level.

2.4.5 “Settings” Tab

The tab is available only to a user at the powerUser level. Settings are presented as collapsible sections: Channels, Trip, Alarm, Fan, Fault, Network, WireGuard, Web server, Modbus TCP, NTP, Date and time, Logger, Display, Language, and Security. Several sections can be opened at the same time.

The settings of each section are loaded and saved separately. The Refresh button rereads the settings of the open section from the TR-100E, and the Save button writes the changes. If applying the saved settings requires a restart, the Web interface displays a corresponding warning; the restart is not performed automatically.

In the Security section, saved passwords are not displayed. To leave a password unchanged, do not fill in the corresponding field; to replace a password, enter a new value.

2.4.6 “Service” Tab

The tab is available only to a user at the powerUser level and contains:

• information about the device, bootloader, firmware, MAC address, and identifiers;
• upload, verification, and application of a firmware update file in .ota format;
• software restart of the TR-100E;
• restoration of factory settings;
• forced time synchronization via NTP;
• device diagnostic information.

2.5 Use of WireGuard VPN

2.5.1 Purpose of the VPN

The TR-100E supports a VPN connection using the WireGuard protocol. The VPN creates a secure network channel between the TR-100E and a remote WireGuard peer and allows access to the device’s network services through the VPN interface.

The VPN connection parameters can be set manually or obtained automatically. The configuration mode is selected in the TR-100E Web interface.

For VPN operation, the TR-100E must have Internet access, correctly configured gateway and DNS servers, and the network must not block the connection to the remote WireGuard peer.

2.5.2 Manual WireGuard Configuration

The VPN parameters are located in the Web interface under Settings -> VPN-WireGuard.

Manual configuration is used to connect to a WireGuard peer selected by the user. To apply it:

1. Enable the Enabled parameter.
2. Disable the Automatic connection to the Overvis server parameter.
3. Specify the values provided by the VPN administrator: private key, interface address in CIDR format, public key and peer address, port, allowed IP networks, and keepalive interval.
4. Click the Save button.

After the modified parameters are saved, the WireGuard service restarts automatically; restarting the TR-100E is not required.

Confidential Data

The WireGuard private key must not be disclosed to unauthorized persons or included in screenshots and diagnostic materials.

The detailed procedure for manual configuration is given in “Appendix B. WireGuard VPN Configuration”.

2.5.3 Automatic Configuration via Overvis

Overvis is a cloud-based monitoring and visualization system that can use WireGuard VPN to access the TR-100E. When automatic mode is selected, the TR-100E is identified by its factory PIN code, receives WireGuard parameters from Overvis, and establishes a VPN connection. In this case, a static public IP address and forwarding of incoming ports on the router are not required.

When the Automatic connection to the Overvis server parameter is enabled, the manual configuration fields are not used. The Automatic configuration server URL field should be left empty unless a different address is provided by the manufacturer or technical support.

To connect through Overvis, it is necessary to:

1. Provide the TR-100E with Internet access.
2. Under Settings -> VPN-WireGuard, enable Enabled and Automatic connection to the Overvis server, then save the settings.
3. Create a network in the Overvis account and bind the TR-100E to it using the factory PIN code.
4. Wait for the VPN connection to be established and verify access to the required TR-100E data.

The step-by-step connection procedure is given in “Appendix B. WireGuard VPN Configuration”. Additional information about the Overvis system is available at www.overvis.com.

Attention

Use of the Overvis system may be subject to a fee. Before connecting the TR-100E, it is recommended to review the current Overvis rates.

2.5.4 Access to the Web Interface and Modbus TCP via VPN

An established VPN connection by itself does not permit access to the TR-100E network services. The required services and access to them over VPN are configured separately:

• for the Web interface, in Settings -> Web server, enable Web access via VPN and select Default access level via VPN: Guest, User, or PowerUser;
• for Modbus TCP, in Settings -> Modbus TCP, select Modbus access via VPN: Disabled, Standard protection, Read only, or Read and write.

In Standard protection mode, VPN sessions follow the common Modbus protection mode and require password unlocking under the same conditions as local connections. Read only permits passwordless reads over VPN and rejects all write commands. Read and write permits passwordless reads and writes over VPN; local connections continue to follow the common Modbus protection mode.

Permit only the necessary services through the VPN and assign the minimum sufficient access level.

2.6 Use of Modbus TCP

The TR-100E is connected to the local network via the Ethernet interface. The Modbus TCP protocol is used for data exchange between the TR-100E and a Modbus client over a TCP/IP network.

Via Modbus TCP, it is possible to:

• read the measured values and current status of the TR-100E, for example for data transmission to a SCADA system;
• read and modify the available TR-100E settings;
• execute the service commands provided by the protocol.

For safety reasons, direct control of the output relays via Modbus TCP is not provided: the relays are controlled by the built-in protection algorithms in accordance with the measurement results, configured thresholds, hysteresis, and delays. This prevents bypassing the protection algorithms by a remote command.

The TR-100E uses two independent groups of Modbus registers: Input registers and Holding registers. Current states are read from the Input registers with function 0x04; settings, service values, and commands are located in the Holding registers and are handled by functions 0x03, 0x06, and 0x10.

The Timeout parameter defines the permitted time without data from a Modbus client. If no data is received within the configured time, the TR-100E closes the TCP connection. TCP Keepalive control packets do not reset this timeout. A value of 0 disables the timeout; in this case, an inactive connection is not closed by the TR-100E. The factory setting is 0 (timeout disabled).

By default, the Modbus protection mechanism restricts writing to protected Holding registers. To unlock them, the Modbus password must be written to registers 52-63 in ASCII characters (two characters per register, most significant byte first, string terminated with a zero byte). By default, the factory password indicated on the sticker with the QR code is used. Successful verification unlocks only the current TCP session; the state of the protection mechanism is available in register 51. After five incorrect attempts, requests from this IP address are blocked for 5 minutes.

When changing the Modbus password, a password length of 8…23 characters is allowed. Password verification is enabled and disabled by the Modbus password -> Protection parameter; disabling verification does not delete the saved password. The operating mode of the protection mechanism is set by register 169: 0 - no protection, 1 - write protected, 2 - read and write protected. Access to service registers 0-4, 51, 52-63, and 64-65 does not depend on the selected protection mode and is specified in Table 7.

VPN sessions are additionally governed by the Modbus access via VPN setting. The Read only and Read and write levels do not require password unlocking over VPN and do not change the protection of local Modbus connections.

Security

After successful password entry, the protected registers remain unlocked for the current TCP connection. Access is retained until this connection is closed. Therefore, after reading or changing settings is complete, the Modbus TCP client must be disconnected from the TR-100E.

Word and Byte Order

• Each 16-bit register is transmitted with the most significant byte first (big-endian).
• uint32 and int32 values occupy two registers: the first register contains bits 31-16, the second contains bits 15-0 (high word first). For example, the value 0x12345678 is transmitted as 0x1234, 0x5678.
• For the IPv4 address A.B.C.D, the first register contains bytes D, C, and the second contains B, A. For example, the static address 192.168.0.100 is written to registers 120-121 as 0x6400, 0xA8C0. The same order is used for DNS servers, mask, gateway, and the current network parameters in the Input registers.
• In strN fields, each register contains two consecutive bytes of the string: the first character in the most significant byte and the second in the least significant byte. The string is terminated with a zero byte 0x00; the remaining bytes of the field must be zero.
• Composite fields with a length of two registers or more are written in full with function 0x10, starting from the first address of the field. Partial write or writing of an individual register with function 0x06 is not allowed.

UTC time values are transmitted as the number of seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 01.01.1970 UTC. For example, the value 0 corresponds to the beginning of the epoch: 00:00:00 01.01.1970 UTC. Time zone offset and DST are not added to the register value.

Temperatures in the Input registers have int16 format with ×10 scaling. The value -32768 (0x8000) is reserved as an indication of an invalid measurement: the firmware transmits it if the internal temperature value is not a finite number (NaN, +Inf, or -Inf) or if the measurement could not be obtained. This value must not be converted to a temperature of -3276.8 °C. Channel temperature correction, thresholds, hysteresis values, and PTC Minika NAT in the Holding registers also use int16 format with ×10 scaling.

WARNING

The TR-100E has a limitation on the number of simultaneously connected Modbus TCP clients (no more than five). All connections exceeding this limit will be closed automatically.

Table 4 - List of supported functions (Modbus)

Function code	Function name	Description
0x03	Read Holding Registers	Read settings and service registers
0x04	Read Input Registers	Read current states and measurements
0x06	Write Single Holding Register	Write a value or command occupying one register
0x10	Write Multiple Holding Registers	Write a value occupying multiple registers or a sequence of values

Table 5 - Data types

Type	Length, bytes	Description
int16	2	Integer from -32768 to 32767
uint16	2	Integer from 0 to 65535
int32	4	Integer from -2147483648 to 2147483647
uint32	4	Integer from 0 to 4294967295
strN	2×N	String up to 2×N bytes: most significant byte of the register first, terminated by 0x00

Table 6 - Input registers (function 0x04)

Address	Name	Description	Type
1	Restart reason	0 unknown; 1 power-up; 2 RESET signal; 3 software restart; 4 watchdog reset; 5 exit from low-power mode	uint16
2	Microcontroller temperature	Temperature ×10; -32768 (0x8000) - measurement invalid	int16
3-4	Operating time	Seconds since startup	uint32
5-6	Status flags	Bit mask of the general TR-100E status. The meaning of the bits is given below	uint32
7-8	Device function readiness	Bit mask of the TR-100E subsystem status. The meaning of the bits is given below	uint32
9-10	RTC time	Number of seconds since 00:00:00 01.01.1970 UTC	uint32
11	RTC synchronization source	0 none; 1 RTC backup; 2 NTP; 3 manual setting	uint16
12-13	Last NTP time synchronization	Number of seconds since 00:00:00 01.01.1970 UTC; 0 - no successful time synchronization has occurred	uint32
14-15	NTP synchronization counter	Number of successful synchronizations	uint32
16-17	NTP error counter	Number of unsuccessful synchronizations	uint32
18-19	Current IP address	Active IPv4	uint32
20-21	Current mask	Active IPv4 mask	uint32
22-23	Current gateway	Active IPv4 gateway	uint32
24-27	CH1-CH4 status	Bit mask of the state of each channel. The purpose of the registers and bits is given below	uint16 × 4
28-31	CH1-CH4 line status	0 unknown; 1 short circuit; 2 below range; 3 normal; 4 above range; 5 open circuit	uint16 × 4
32-35	Current temperature CH1-CH4	Temperature ×10; -32768 (0x8000) - measurement invalid	int16 × 4
36-39	Minimum temperature CH1-CH4	Temperature ×10; -32768 (0x8000) - measurement invalid	int16 × 4
40-43	Maximum temperature CH1-CH4	Temperature ×10; -32768 (0x8000) - measurement invalid	int16 × 4
44-47	Temperature change direction CH1-CH4	0 decreasing; 1 unchanged; 2 increasing	uint16 × 4

Interpretation of Registers 5-6 “Status flags”

A set bit (1) means that the specified condition is active. A cleared bit (0) means that the condition is inactive.

Bit	Condition	Meaning when the bit is set (1)
0	FAULT	The FAULT relay is on due to a sensor fault or an internal TR-100E error. The bit is set after the Fault -> Delay delay has elapsed
1	TRIP	The TRIP relay is on due to exceeding the trip threshold. The bit is set after the Trip -> Delay delay has elapsed
2	ALARM	The ALARM relay is on due to exceeding the alarm threshold. The bit is set after the Alarm -> Delay delay has elapsed
3	FAN	The FAN relay is on due to exceeding the fan threshold. The bit is set after the Fan -> Delay delay has elapsed
4	Restart required	Restart of the TR-100E is required to apply some of the saved settings
5	Diagnostic mode	The mode is activated by the “Up” + “Down” combination at startup; password protection is disabled and protected diagnostic commands are permitted

Relay state

Bits 0-3 contain the logical states of the protection functions, not the result of monitoring the physical relay contacts. These states control the corresponding relays. During manual relay testing, the relays are controlled by test commands, so their state may differ from the values of bits 0-3.

Interpretation of Registers 7-8 “Device function readiness”

Each bit indicates the readiness of the corresponding subsystem: 1 - the subsystem is ready for operation; 0 - the subsystem is not ready or not initialized.

Bit	Subsystem	Meaning when the bit is set (1)
0	Settings	The settings data is valid and available
1	Measurement service data	The service data of the measurement path is valid
2	Real-time clock	The RTC is configured and operating
3	Buttons	The button module is ready
4	LED indicators	The LED indication module is ready
5	Display	The LCD is ready
6	External memory	The external memory is ready
7	Identification data	The device identification data storage is ready
8	Event log	The event log is ready
9	Temperature logger	The temperature logger is ready
10	Live temperature history	The temperature history is ready
11	Temperature measurement	The measurement module is ready
12	Random number generator	The hardware random number generator is ready
13	Ethernet	The Ethernet interface is ready
14	TCP/IP network stack	The network stack is ready
15	Web interface	The Web server is ready
16	NTP	The time synchronization client is ready
17	WireGuard	The WireGuard VPN service is ready
18	Modbus TCP	The Modbus TCP server is ready

Interpretation of Registers 24-27 “CH1-CH4 status”

Each channel corresponds to a separate register: 24 - CH1, 25 - CH2, 26 - CH3, 27 - CH4.

Bit	Channel state	Meaning when the bit is set (1)
0	Channel enabled	The channel is enabled and participates in measurement processing
1	TRIP condition	The channel temperature has reached the Trip threshold or has not yet dropped below the threshold taking hysteresis into account
2	ALARM condition	The channel temperature has reached the Alarm threshold or has not yet dropped below the threshold taking hysteresis into account
3	FAN condition	The channel is selected for ventilation control, and its temperature has reached the Fan threshold or has not yet dropped below the threshold taking hysteresis into account

Channel and global flags

Bits 1-3 of registers 24-27 show fulfillment of the temperature condition by an individual channel and are set before the relay turn-on delay expires. The actual relay activation command after the delay expires is shown by the corresponding bits of registers 5-6.

Table 7 - Holding registers: service values and commands

Address	Name	Description	Access	Type
0	Device model code	TR-100E: 48	R	uint16
1	Firmware version	For example, 0x0100 for version 1.0	R	uint16
2-4	MAC address	6 bytes	R	str3
50	Command	62149 restart; 18252 save working copy; 54135 reread settings; 33421 reset minimum and maximum temperatures; 20052 synchronize time via NTP	W+R	uint16
51	Protection mechanism state	0 - protection active; 1 - protected operations permitted for the current TCP session	R	uint16
52-63	Modbus password	Enter the current password; only the required number of registers may be written	W	str12
64-65	Set UTC time	Number of seconds since 00:00:00 01.01.1970 UTC; value 0 is prohibited; both registers must be written in one request	W	uint32

Working copy of settings

When writing to registers 100-220, the changes are accumulated in the working copy of the Modbus settings for the current TCP session. Until the save command is executed, they are not written to non-volatile memory and will be lost after the connection is closed or the TR-100E is restarted.

Command purpose:

• 18252 - save settings: writes the accumulated changes to non-volatile memory.
• 54135 - discard unsaved changes: reloads the settings from non-volatile memory into the working copy.

Typical sequence for changing parameters via Modbus TCP:

1. If protection is active, write the Modbus password to Holding registers 52-63 and use the value 1 in register 51 to verify that protected operations are permitted for the current TCP session;
2. Write the new values to the required Holding registers in Table 3 - the changes are applied to the working copy;
3. Execute command 18252 - save the working copy to non-volatile memory;
4. Execute command 62149 - restart the TR-100E to apply the new settings.

2.7 Network Ports

To configure a router or firewall, the network connections listed in Table 8 should be taken into account.

Table 8 - TR-100E network ports

Function	Protocol and port	Direction relative to the TR-100E	Conditions of use
Web interface and Web API	TCP 80	Incoming	Default port; changed by the Web access -> Port parameter
Modbus TCP	TCP 502	Incoming	Default port; changed by the Modbus TCP -> Port parameter
DHCP	UDP 68 ↔ UDP 67	Outgoing and response	The TR-100E uses local port 68, the DHCP server uses port 67; used when DHCP is enabled
DNS	UDP 53	Outgoing and response	Requests to the configured DNS servers; required when DNS names of NTP, WireGuard, or autoconfiguration servers are used
NTP	UDP 123	Outgoing and response	Time synchronization with the configured NTP servers when NTP is enabled
WireGuard VPN	UDP 51820	Incoming and outgoing	Local TR-100E port; for the remote peer, 51820 is also used by default, but it can be changed by the VPN-WireGuard -> Peer port parameter
Automatic WireGuard configuration via Overvis	TCP 80	Outgoing and response	Default port; a different port may be specified in the automatic configuration server URL
Recovery mode Web interface	TCP 80	Incoming	Available only in the bootloader recovery mode at address 192.168.1.48

Incoming connections to the Web interface and Modbus TCP should be allowed only from trusted networks. If only outgoing connections to the NTP, DNS, and autoconfiguration server are used, port forwarding on the router is not required; the firewall must permit the response traffic of established connections.

WireGuard and NAT

The TR-100E itself initiates communication with the remote WireGuard peer. In this arrangement, forwarding UDP port 51820 on the router is usually not required. It is necessary only if the remote peer must establish the connection to the TR-100E first through NAT.

3 MAINTENANCE

3.1 Safety Precautions

Safety Precautions

DURING MAINTENANCE, THE PRODUCT AND ALL DEVICES CONNECTED TO IT MUST BE DISCONNECTED FROM THE POWER SUPPLY.

3.2 Maintenance Frequency

The recommended maintenance interval is every six months.

3.3 Maintenance Procedure:

1. Check that the wires are securely connected to the TR-100E terminals; if any loose contacts are found, tighten the terminal screws. If damaged wires are found, replace them with new ones;
2. Visually inspect the enclosure integrity; if cracks or chips are found, take the product out of service and send it for repair;
3. If necessary, wipe the product enclosure with a cloth. Do not use abrasive materials or solvents for cleaning.

3.4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting

Attention

All troubleshooting work must be carried out with the TR-100E power switched off, except where explicitly stated otherwise.

Table 9 - Possible Faults and Remedies

Symptom	Possible cause	Action
The display does not light up after power is applied	No voltage is present at the power supply terminals; TR-100E fault	Check that the supply voltage is present at the terminals and complies with the requirements of Table 1. If the voltage complies with the requirements but the display does not turn on, send the TR-100E for repair
The CH1-CH4 indicator flashes, the channel shows “OPEN”	Sensor line break or sensor fault	Check the integrity of the cable and that the sensor is securely connected to the TR-100E terminals
The CH1-CH4 indicator flashes, the channel shows “SHORT”	Short circuit in the sensor line	Check the sensor cable for a short circuit; replace the sensor or cable
The FAULT indicator flashes	Sensor fault; internal TR-100E error; startup failure	Check the channel status on the display. If the channels are operating correctly, check the event log to determine the cause. Restart the unit: switch the power off and on again, or use the web interface (System -> Restart). If FAULT continues to flash after restart without any apparent reason, send the TR-100E for repair
The relay does not actuate when the threshold is exceeded	Delay timing is in progress; the channel is disabled; the threshold is set incorrectly	Check the Delay, channel Enable, and Threshold settings (Table 3)
The relay does not de-energize after the temperature decreases	Hysteresis is set too high; incorrect threshold	Check the Hysteresis and Threshold settings for the relevant relay (Table 3)
The time resets after a prolonged power outage	The RTC backup capacitor is discharged (more than 7 days without power)	Set the time manually (Section 2.2.9) or enable NTP synchronization
No access to the web interface via the IP address	Incorrect IP address; web server is disabled; no network connection	Check the IP address on the TR-100E display; make sure the web server Enable parameter = 1 (Table 3); check the Ethernet cable and the LINK indicator
The Modbus TCP client does not receive a response	Incorrect IP, port, or UID; Modbus is disabled; the number of connections has been exceeded	Check the Enable, Port, and UID settings (Table 3); make sure that the number of simultaneous clients does not exceed 5
No time synchronization via NTP	NTP is disabled; incorrect server address; no network access	Check the NTP Enable, Server Address, network settings, and TR-100E Internet access (Table 3)
Data logger data is not being recorded	The data logger is disabled	Enable the Data Logger parameter and check the Temperature Recording Period parameter value (Table 3)

4 SERVICE LIFE AND MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY

4.1 Product Service Life

The service life of the product is 15 years. Upon expiration of the service life, contact the manufacturer.

4.2 Storage Life

The storage life of the product is 3 years.

4.3 Warranty Period

The warranty period for the product is 10 years from the date of sale.
During the warranty period, the manufacturer performs repair of the product free of charge in the event of product failure.

Warranty Obligations

The warranty obligations do not apply to products that have been damaged as a result of operation in violation of the requirements of this Operation Manual, as well as products damaged as a result of mechanical damage, exposure to moisture, corrosion, high temperatures, chemicals, and other factors unrelated to manufacturing defects of the product.

4.4 Warranty Service

Warranty service is provided at the place of purchase or by the manufacturer of the product.

4.5 Post-Warranty Service

Post-warranty service of the product is performed by the manufacturer at the current rates.

Important Information

Before the product is sent for repair, it must be packed in the original packaging or other packaging that prevents mechanical damage.

5 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

TR-100E in the manufacturer’s packaging may be transported and stored at temperatures from minus 30 to +60 °C and relative humidity not exceeding 98% at 35 °C (without moisture condensation).